#6468

مصنف : شاہدہ لطیف

مشاہدات : 15563

سلطان محمد فاتح ( فاتح قسطنطنیہ )

  • صفحات: 378
  • یونیکوڈ کنورژن کا خرچہ: 15120 (PKR)
(منگل 31 اگست 2021ء) ناشر : سیونتھ سکائی پبلی کیشنز لاہور

سلطان محمد فاتح یا سلطان (پیدائش: 30 مارچ 1432ء — وفات: 3 مئی 1481ء) سلطنت عثمانیہ کے ساتویں سلطان تھے جو 1444ء سے 1446ء اور 1451ء سے 1481ء تک سلطنت عثمانیہ کے سلطان رہے۔ انہوں نے محض 21 سال کی عمر میں قسطنطنیہ (موجودہ استنبول) فتح کرکے عیسائیوں کی بازنطینی سلطنت کا ہمیشہ کے لیے خاتمہ کر دیا۔ زیرنظر کتاب’’سلطان محمد فاتح‘‘  شاہدہ لطیف صاحبہ کی تصنیف ہے جو کہ سلطنت عثمانیہ کے اس نوعمر شہزادہ محمد حقیقی داستان شجاعت ہے جس نے اپنی ذہانت اور فطانت کی بنا پر تاریخ کے دھارے موڑے اور اپنی خداد صلاحیتوں کی بدولت1453ءکو قسطنطین یازدہم کی حکومت اور بازنطینی سلطنت کاخاتمہ کر کےاس اہم اور عظیم شہر قسطنطنیہ کو فتح کر کےملت اسلامیہ میں شامل کیا۔(م۔ا)

<table align="right" border="" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:185.5%"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p><strong>????????????</strong></p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p><strong>???????? ????????</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:38px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:38px; width:8.56%"> <p>9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>????????????????&nbsp; ?????????? ???? ?????????? ??????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>11</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>????????????????&nbsp; ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>13</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ??????&nbsp; ???? ??????????&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>15</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????????? ?????????? &rsquo;&rsquo; ?????????? &lsquo;&lsquo; ???? ?????????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>15</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???? ?????? ????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>16</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>17</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>18&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>19</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>21</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:20px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???? ???????? ???????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:20px; width:8.56%"> <p>23</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????? ???? ???????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>23</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ???????? ???? ??????????????&nbsp; ???????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>25</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:53px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:53px; width:8.56%"> <p>25</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>????????????&nbsp;&nbsp; ???? ??????&nbsp; ?????? ???????? &nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>26</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ?????? ???? ???????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>27</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???? ???????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>28</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????? ???? ?????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>30</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>31</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>32</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>&nbsp; ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ??????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>33</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>????????&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>34</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;????????&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????????????? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>35</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ????????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>39</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????? ?????????????? ???? ?????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>40</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ?????? ???? ???????????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>41</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>42</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>43</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ????????&nbsp; ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>45</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ????????????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>46</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???? ???????? ???? ????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>48</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????? ???? ???????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>53</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>59</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>62</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ????????&nbsp; ?????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>63</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ?????? ???? ??????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>65</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ???????? ????&nbsp; ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>68</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???? ?????????????? ?????? ????????????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>72</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ???????? ???? ??????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>76</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???? ?????? ????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>78</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????? ?????????????????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>79</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>80</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ????&nbsp; ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>82</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>85</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ????&nbsp; ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>89</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:49px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???? ????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:49px; width:8.56%"> <p>94</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ??????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>99</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ???????? ???? ??????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>102</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ???????? ???? ????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>114</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ???????? ????????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>115</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????????????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>116</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>117</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>120</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ????????&nbsp; ?????????? ?????? ??????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>122</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ??????????&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>129</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????&nbsp; ???????????? ???????? ??????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>133</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>134</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>135</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???????? ???? ?????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>138</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????&nbsp;&nbsp; ??????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>145</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>&nbsp;????????&nbsp; ?????? ?????????? ????&nbsp; ???????????? &nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>146</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>148</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???????????? ???? ???????????? ???? ????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>150</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>152</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ?????????????? ???? ??????????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>154</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>165</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ?????????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???????????????? ??????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>166</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????????????????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>172</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>&nbsp;???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>176</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>188</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>197</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????????????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>205</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????????????? ???? ???????? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>208</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ????????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>217</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????????? (?????????????? ) ???? ??????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>231</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ???? ????????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>241</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>250</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>279</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????? ???????????????? ????&nbsp;&nbsp; ?????????? ???? ?? ????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>284</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>292</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>298</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>299</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????????? ??????&nbsp;&nbsp; ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????????&nbsp; ???? ??????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>306</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>311</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???????? ???? ????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>317</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>321</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????????????? ???? ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>329</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>???????????????? ???? ??????????&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>339</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ??????&nbsp; ???????? ???? ???????????????????? ?????? ???????????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>357</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ????????&nbsp; ???????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>361</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:39px; width:91.44%"> <p>?????????? ???????? ???????? ????&nbsp; ??????&nbsp; ?????????? ?????????????? ???? ????????????</p> </td> <td style="height:39px; width:8.56%"> <p>374</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

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